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Big H
says "Please note that this article superseded by the article at the top
of the page. It is left on because this article also refers to
Grandfather rights ect."
RIDER-OPERATED
LIFT TRUCKS: OPERATOR TRAINING APPROVED CODE OF PRACTICE
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This OC gives inspectors information on the practical operation of
accreditation schemes run by HSC- recognised accrediting bodies,
and gives some guidance on basic and refresher training,
documentation and certificates of training, supervisor training,
non-employees who use lift trucks, and 'grandfather rights'.
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INTRODUCTION
1 A
revised version of the approved code of practice (ACoP) and guidance:
HSE booklet L117 Rider-operated lift trucks: operator training
(file 790) came into effect on 1 October 1999. It is a revision of that
first published in 1988.
2
L117 gives practical advice on the requirements of the Provision and Use
of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 (PUWER 98) reg.9 as they relate to
the basic training of operators of rider-operated lift trucks.
3
L117 gives advice to employers on training of lift truck operators and
their supervisors. The revised ACoP and guidance has clarified and
amplified earlier advice on the types of lift truck within scope, the
selection of training providers and competence of instructors, training
needs of supervisors, periodic reassessment of operator competency and
requirements for refresher/conversion training, and length of courses.
It also covers the duties of employers (in the wider meaning of that
term given by PUWER 98) and cooperation between them and site
controllers to ensure only trained operators use lift trucks.
HSC
RECOGNITION OF ACCREDITING BODIES
Recognised
accrediting bodies
4
L117 para 53 refers to HSC recognition of accrediting bodies for lift
truck operator training. The accrediting bodies accredit organisations
or individuals - 'accredited training providers' (ATPs) - who are deemed
competent to provide (or, in the case of individuals, to be) the
instructors who carry out the training.
5
There are 5 recognised accrediting bodies:
1) the Association of Industrial Truck Trainers whose accreditation
scheme is known as the Independent Training Standards Scheme and
Register (ITSSAR)
2) the Construction Industry Training Board whose scheme is part of the
Certificate of Training Achievement Scheme (CTA) which covers many types
of construction plant. HSC’s recognition is only for lift truck
training;
3) Lantra National Training Organisation (previously ATB Landbase);
4) the National Plant Operators Registration Scheme; and
5) RTITB Ltd.
6 HSC
recognition of accrediting bodies is intended to promote professional,
consistent training standards and to help employers select good quality
training. Although accreditation by recognised accrediting bodies is
voluntary, the use by an employer of an ATP provides some assurance that
the training provided will be at least to the standard described in the
ACoP and guidance. Each recognised accrediting body is required to
provide details of appropriately qualified and experienced ATPs to
enquirers who seek advice about lift truck training. They should also
provide a description of their assessment criteria. The schemes operated
by the recognised bodies differ in detail, but the principles are the
same.
Accredited
training providers
7 An
ATP may be an organisation, individual or an in-house training scheme.
HSC recognises only the accrediting bodies, not ATPs.
8 The
main conditions of accreditation are that ATPs use qualified and
experienced instructors only, that they follow course syllabuses
approved by the accrediting body and that they be subjected to regular
monitoring visits by the accrediting body. The training must also be
carried out in suitable premises, which may be a dedicated training
centre or an area set aside for the purpose at an employer's premises.
9 To
become accredited, a training provider applies to one (or more) of the
recognised accrediting bodies. If the training is to be carried out at a
training centre, the accrediting body will inspect that facility. If
training is to be carried out at employers' premises, then the applicant
is asked to demonstrate that they have all the necessary equipment and
documentation, and to arrange to conduct a training course at which an
assessor from the accrediting body would be present.
Instructors
10
There are 2 levels of instructor associated with accrediting bodies:
accredited and registered. Both are trained as instructors, and assessed
as being competent, on a course approved for the purpose by an
accrediting body.
11 An
accredited instructor (AI) will additionally have been inspected
by the accrediting body as described in para 9 above, be subject to
regular monitoring and have to use a course syllabus approved by the
accrediting body. AI registration is valid for 5 years, after which the
instructor is reassessed and reaccredited. HSC recognises only the
accrediting bodies, not AIs.
12 A registered
instructor (RI) is trained and tested to the same standard as an AI.
Registration is for a 5 year period after which the instructor is
reassessed and re-registered. However, an RI is not inspected, monitored
or subject to control over their course syllabus by the accrediting
body. This does not mean that the standard of training provided by an RI
is necessarily lower, nor that they do not follow a syllabus produced by
an accrediting body. However, being outside the accredited system, the
training may not be as uniform as that provided by an AI, nor is it
subject to the same control. Some in-house training schemes are provided
by an RI, and the employer may not consider it necessary to apply for
accreditation because they monitor their own standards.
Certificates
of training
13
Certificates issued by an ATP (or AI/RI) will quote their accreditation
number, the name of the accrediting body, and the name and registration
number of the instructor who conducted the training. Certificates should
always provide sufficient information to allow the training to be traced
back to course content. If training has been limited (eg lifting to
(say) 3 metres), then the certificate should identify this limitation to
ensure that operators only undertake work for which they have been
trained. Note that there is no legal requirement for certificates, which
are often confused with licences, but ATPs will always issue them and
HSE encourages their use as a good way of demonstrating that training
has been provided.
TRAINING
COURSES
Duration
14
There are many factors that can affect how long a training course should
be. It is not possible to set out hard and fast rules, but the following
information is given as a general guide. It should be noted that there
are training providers other than those accredited by a recognised body,
but their courses should be of similar duration to those of an ATP.
15 A
course of basic training for novices with a trainee:instructor ratio of
2 or 3:1 is likely to last 5 days. This will allow time for training as
described in L117. Where the instructor has only one trainee, the
training is not meant to cover the full range of lift truck work, or
trainees are not complete novices, then courses may be shorter (L117
para 34).
16
The length of a refresher training course is dictated by the amount of
training required to bring operators back up to the required standard of
competence. The content and length of the course will be set by
assessment of the operators to identify shortcomings and any unsafe
habits which need correction. It is not, therefore, possible to advise
on the length of refresher training. However, it is unlikely that
refresher courses of less than one day will be effective. The quality of
the original basic training may be a factor, but the primary indicator
is the assessment of training needs by a competent person. As with basic
training, the trainee:instructor ratio will influence course duration.
Frequency
of refresher training
17
There is no set frequency for refresher training in legislation, neither
is there any logical basis for saying that refresher training should be
provided at set intervals. L117 advises that employers should
continuously monitor the performance of operators to ascertain whether
they might need refresher training (indicators might be near misses,
accidents or simply consistently unsafe working practices). Although
employers are free to set refresher training intervals, they should not
then ignore operators for the intervening period (L117 para 47).
Supervisor
training
18
For monitoring to be successful, it is essential that people responsible
for supervising lift truck operators are also adequately trained. L117
gives advice on supervisor training. Supervisors need sufficient
training to be able to understand the risks involved and to recognise
safe and unsafe practices. They do not need full operator training.
Accrediting bodies are able to advise on supervisor training (L117 para
23).
Use
of trucks by non-employees
19
Use of lift trucks by people other than employees is increasingly
common. Typically this is done by visiting lorry drivers and service
engineers. Employers and site controllers should cooperate to ensure
that only adequately trained people operate lift trucks (L117 paras
25-26).
Grandfather
rights
20
The original ACoP and guidance, published in 1988, conferred
‘grandfather rights’, in relation to basic training as described in
the ACoP, on people who were already operators when it came into effect
on 1 April 1989. This reference has been removed from the new ACoP, but
neither version is retrospective and, therefore, grandfather rights are
implicit. However, employers will still need to demonstrate that such
employees are competent to operate safely the lift trucks they use. Over
the period since 1989 it is likely that such operators would at least
have needed refresher and conversion training.
ACTION
BY INSPECTORS
21
Documentation to look for is:
1) training records, which can take any form (computer or paper based);
2) written authorisations to operate lift trucks for all staff who
are expected to do so. This may not be confined to people designated as
lift truck operators;
3) monitoring systems, recording near misses, etc, to identify the need
for refresher training; and
4) if appropriate, systems showing that employers and site controllers
are cooperating to ensure that non-employees who may operate lift trucks
are adequately trained.
22
Employers should be encouraged to have their lift truck operators
trained by an ATP.
23
Where inspectors observe poor operating practices (see HS(G)6 Safety
in working with lift trucks (file 790)) they should consider
recommending training or refresher training as appropriate.
24
Notwithstanding the above general information on the length of training
courses, inspectors should bear in mind that whether or not an
individual has received adequate training will be a question of fact.
Allegations of inadequate training will need to be supported by
evidence.
25
Where there is evidence that training may have been provided by an ATP
other than in accordance with the criteria set out in L117 (the ACoP and
guidance), details of the ATP and the possible deficiencies should be
forwarded to FOD Safety Unit, NW Region.
26
Enquiries about whether a particular training provider is accredited by
one of the HSC recognised accrediting bodies should also be addressed to
FOD Safety Unit (via ELO for LA enforcement officers).
http://www.hse.gov.uk/lau/lacs/32-7.htm
No Responsibility accepted
for the accuracy of this article |